Get a typhoid fever vaccination Follow safe food and water guidelines. Read the Alert. Basic Information on Typhoid Vaccines Available in the United States Please note: In December , the maker of the oral typhoid fever vaccine Ty21a will temporarily stop making and selling it.
Vaccine and Travel Information. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Results indicate that adults and children older than 6 years of age may be protected against typhoid fever following the oral ingestion of 4 doses of VIVOTIF.
The complete immunization schedule for VIVOTIF consists of 4 capsules with one capsule taken on alternate days eg, days 1, 3, 5, and 7. However, it is known that immunization of adult subjects can elicit an antibody response against S. An open study comparing levels of anti- S. Typhi antibodies between adults living in an endemic area Chile and nonendemic areas United States and Switzerland showed comparable seroconversion rates between these groups. Challenge studies in North American volunteers have shown that the Ty21a strain is capable of providing significant protection to an experimental challenge of S.
Because of the very low incidence of typhoid fever in US citizens, efficacy studies are not currently feasible in this population; however, the above observations support the expectation that 4 doses of VIVOTIF will provide protection to recipients from non—typhoid-endemic areas such as the United States. Active surveillance for adverse reactions of enteric-coated capsules was performed in a pilot study and in a subgroup of a large field trial involving a total of individuals receiving 3 vaccine doses.
One isolated, nonfatal anaphylactic shock considered to be an allergic reaction to the vaccine was reported. One capsule taken on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 may provide up to 5 years of protection against typhoid fever.
For medical inquiries regarding temperature deviations by patients, please contact Medical Information at Contraindications: VIVOTIF is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine or the enteric-coated capsule.
The vaccine should not be administered to persons during an acute febrile illness. Safety of the vaccine has not been demonstrated in persons deficient in their ability to mount a humoral or cell-mediated immune response, due to either a congenital or acquired immunodeficient state including treatment with immunosuppressive or antimitotic drugs. The vaccine should not be administered to these persons regardless of benefits.
Selective immunization against typhoid fever is recommended for the following groups: 1 travelers to areas in which there is a recognized risk of exposure to S.
Typhi; 2 persons with intimate exposure e. Typhi carrier; and 3 microbiology laboratorians who work frequently with S. Postpone taking the vaccine if persistent diarrhea or vomiting occurs. Concomitant Administration with Sulfonamides and Antibiotics: The vaccine should not be administered to individuals receiving sulfonamides and antibiotics since these agents may be active against the vaccine strain and prevent a sufficient degree of multiplication to occur in order to induce a protective immune response.
Diminished Immune Response: Unless a complete immunization schedule is followed, an optimum immune response may not be achieved. Personal Precautions: Vaccinated individuals should continue to take personal precautions against exposure to typhoid organisms, i.
Concomitant Administration with Anti-malarial Drugs: Several anti-malaria drugs, such as mefloquine, chloroquine and proguanil not approved for use in US possess anti-bacterial activity which may interfere with the immunogenicity of VIVOTIF. An allergic reaction could occur after the vaccinated person leaves the clinic. If you see signs of a severe allergic reaction hives, swelling of the face and throat, difficulty breathing, a fast heartbeat, dizziness, or weakness , call and get the person to the nearest hospital.
Your health care provider will usually file this report, or you can do it yourself. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Typhoid VIS. Minus Related Pages. VIS in other languages external icon More information about typhoid fever vaccination.
On This Page. Why get vaccinated? Typhoid vaccine Talk with your health care provider Risks of a vaccine reaction What if there is a serious problem? How can I learn more? Typhoid vaccine can prevent typhoid fever. Typhoid vaccine. Inactivated typhoid vaccine is administered as an injection shot. It may be given to people 2 years and older. Back to Typhoid fever. Vaccination against typhoid fever is recommended if you're travelling to parts of the world where the condition is common.
Typhoid fever is found throughout the world, but you're more likely to get it in areas where there's poor sanitation and hygiene. Vaccination is strongly recommended if you're going to be staying or working with local people, or if you're going to be staying for prolonged periods in areas where sanitation and food hygiene are likely to be poor. In the UK, most people who get typhoid fever develop it while visiting India, Pakistan or Bangladesh.
It's therefore particularly important that you're vaccinated if you're visiting these countries. Combined typhoid and hepatitis A injections are also available for people aged 15 or over.
0コメント